INTRODUCTION
It is a unique characteristic of living organisms to form communities where they can interact with each other within species and across genera. Microorganisms have been able to exist in communities by adhering to surfaces. These small communities are referred to as biofilms and are commonly found among bacteria. This form of interaction introduces variations among the species as in the development of new characteristics example acquisition of a resistance gene. Pathogenic microorganisms inflict a lot of harm especially when they are difficult to treat (Høiby et al., 2015; Harms et al., 2017).
The group of bacteria termed as ESKAPE pathogens have been found to exist anywhere (ESKAPE pathogens”. ESKAPE is an acronym for the group of bacteria, encompassing both Gram-positive and Gram-negative species, made up of Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species. These bacteria are common causes of life-threatening nosocomial infections amongst critically ill and immunocompromised individuals and are characterized by potential drug resistance mechanisms) (Jenal et al., 2017). In this places especially healthcare settings they form biofilms where they interact with other groups of microbes thus making them more harmful otherwise virulent. This virulent characteristics enable them adapt to new environments on or inside the hosts where they are able to inflict more harm especially if they acquire a resistance gene. It is important to note that bacterial virulence, the ability to cause disease can be encouraged by several factors (Jensen et al., 2017).